ใช้ Finite Automata Algorithm ค้นหา Pattern ใน Text
ได้รับ text[0..n-1] และ pattern[0..m-1] หาตำแหน่งทั้งหมดที่ pattern ปรากฏใน text
วิธี: Preprocess pattern สร้างตาราง 2D (Transition Function) แล้วสแกน text ตาม state machine
ตัวอย่างโค้ด
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define total_chars 256
int calc_nextstate(char *pat, int M, int state, int x) {
if (state < M && x == pat[state]) return state+1;
int ns, i;
for (ns = state; ns > 0; ns--) {
if (pat[ns-1] == x) {
for (i = 0; i < ns-1; i++)
if (pat[i] != pat[state-ns+1+i]) break;
if (i == ns-1) return ns;
}
}
return 0;
}
void calc_TF(char *pat, int M, int TF[][total_chars]) {
for (int state = 0; state <= M; ++state)
for (int x = 0; x < total_chars; ++x)
TF[state][x] = calc_nextstate(pat, M, state, x);
}
void calc_occur(char *pat, char *txt) {
int M = strlen(pat), N = strlen(txt);
int TF[M+1][total_chars];
calc_TF(pat, M, TF);
int state = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
state = TF[state][txt[i]];
if (state == M) printf("\n Given pattern is found at the index %d", i-M+1);
}
}
int main() {
char *txt = "AABCDAABBDCAABADAABDABAABA";
char *pat = "AABA";
calc_occur(pat, txt);
return 0;
}
ผลลัพธ์
Given pattern is found at the index 11 Given pattern is found at the index 22