ในส่วนนี้ เราจะเห็นเทคนิคการสั่งจองล่วงหน้า (แบบเรียกซ้ำ) สำหรับแผนผังการค้นหาแบบไบนารี
สมมติว่าเรามีต้นไม้ต้นหนึ่งแบบนี้ -
ลำดับการข้ามผ่านจะเป็นดังนี้:10, 5, 8, 16, 15, 20, 23
อัลกอริทึม
preorderTraverse(root): Begin if root is not empty, then print the value of root preorderTraversal(left of root) preorderTraversal(right of root) end if End
ตัวอย่าง
#include<iostream> using namespace std; class node{ public: int h_left, h_right, bf, value; node *left, *right; }; class tree{ private: node *get_node(int key); public: node *root; tree(){ root = NULL; //set root as NULL at the beginning } void preorder_traversal(node *r); node *insert_node(node *root, int key); }; node *tree::get_node(int key){ node *new_node; new_node = new node; //create a new node dynamically new_node->h_left = 0; new_node->h_right = 0; new_node->bf = 0; new_node->value = key; //store the value from given key new_node->left = NULL; new_node->right = NULL; return new_node; } void tree::preorder_traversal(node *r){ if(r != NULL){ //When root is present, visit left - root - right cout << r->value << " "; preorder_traversal(r->left); preorder_traversal(r->right); } } node *tree::insert_node(node *root, int key){ if(root == NULL){ return (get_node(key)); //when tree is empty, create a node as root } if(key < root->value){ //when key is smaller than root value, go to the left root->left = insert_node(root->left, key); }else if(key > root->value){ //when key is greater than root value, go to the right root->right = insert_node(root->right, key); } return root; //when key is already present, do not insert it again } main(){ node *root; tree my_tree; //Insert some keys into the tree. my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 10); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 5); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 16); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 20); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 15); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 8); my_tree.root = my_tree.insert_node(my_tree.root, 23); cout << "Pre-Order Traversal: "; my_tree.preorder_traversal(my_tree.root); }
ผลลัพธ์
Pre-Order Traversal: 10 5 8 16 15 20 23